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Hmm you confuse me... You say excess base/metal/carbonate which suggests you are talking about obtaining a soluble salt that does not have potassium, sodium or ammonium ions, but you also said precipitation.... Anyway, I shall answer to the former because it is most likely....
Key source of experimental error... You may not have stirred the mixture well enough or heated it for sufficient time to increase reaction rate. As such the solution may still contain some amount of acid and not all of it may have reacted. Therefore there may be some amount of contamination.
That's the best I could come up with. >_>
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